Skins are of three main types; oily skin, dry skin, and sensitive skin. Skin with different conditions requires a suitable solution. People with dry skin should use facial scrub which gives hydrating and moisturising effects. Gentle exfoliation should be for sensitive skin. For people with oily skin conditions, it is essential to use products that exfoliate deeply to remove excess oil, prevent the pores from clogging and balance the oil production.
Acne prone skin: The acne-prone skin is commonly oily, excess oil secretion leads to pore blockage and contributes towards breakouts. It can be also due to environmental factors, poor skin routine, genetic or bad diet. The acne-prone skin produces five times more dead skin cells than other skin conditions. Exfoliation helps to unclog the pores. Alpha Hydroxy Acids (AHAs) and Beta Hydroxy Acids (BHAs) are effective to remove dead skin cells from clogging hair follicles. Scrubbing helps to remove dirt and impurities from pores. Studies have confirmed that the use of superficial chemical peel therapy showed reduction of Papules, Pustules and Comedones in active acne vulgaris. Though there were some minor adverse effect such as Erythema, Edema and post inflammatory hyper- and hypo-pigmentation, which can be managed.
With the new technology that are available for acne, chemical peeling is affordable and should be performed in the dermatologist’s clinic. Studies have confirmed that the used of both Glycolic Acid (30-70%) and Salicylic Acid (30%) can effectively reduce the inflammatory lesions of acne.
Aged skin: In aging process, skin looks thinner, paler and clear. The thinning of the epidermis starts with aging. Blood vessels of the dermis become more delicate. The dermal tissue changes as the collagen fibres gradually organize in bundles. Blood circulation decreases in the skin's micro vessels. Reduction in oil production the pigmentation changes occur and lead towards age spots. Exfoliating will speed up the cell turnover also soften fine lines, wrinkles and slowly reduce hyperpigmentation. Skin complexion changes after the exfoliation process.
Dehydrated Skin: Due to lack of moisture, the cellular barriers are fractured and leave skin dry, tight, flaky & stretched. Application of moisturisers makes skin duller and uneven. Dehydrated skin shows premature signs of aging, such as loss of elasticity and wrinkles. The exfoliation process helps to remove dying skin cells and helps the moisturising and hydrating ingredients penetrate deeper into the skin.
Hyperpigmentation is caused due to increase in melanin or melanocytes sometimes it can also happen due to the deposition of coloured substances in the skin. The exfoliation process helps to reduce pigmented cells rapidly and lightens the age or acne spots from the skin.
Photo Damaged Skin: Excessive sun exposure can increase the risk of skin cancer; sunlight can damage skin, even without cancer development. This damage is known as photo damage. The epidermis, dermis are exposed to sunlight, UV radiation causes photo damage also create acute and chronic changes in DNA, protein and the lipid building blocks. UV radiation damages the collagen, which results in a loss of skin elasticity due to that early appearance of wrinkles and other age marks which appear. In such case TCA which is a chemical peeling agent can be used as a promising modality for photoaging, like actinic keratosis, as it treats a larger skin surface in one session as well as improving the appearance. This is a cost effective treatment with excellent cosmetic results. It also improves the overall skin condition such as elasticity, hydration, hyperpigmentation and fine lines with repeated treatments. The side effects, such as a burning or stinging sensation, can be easily controlled. Skin priming with topical retinoic acid before the treatment can be done to prepare the skin for the treatment. A combination of micro-needling FRF treatment prior to the peeling, can result in a deeper peel effect which passes the chemical agent to the transdermal delivery and shows a better result.
NOT MY OWN WORK. Taken from:
"REVIEW ARTICLE: SKIN CARE WITH EXFOLIATION PROCESS", IJCSPUB - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CURRENT SCIENCE (www.IJCSPUB.org), ISSN:2250-1770, Vol.12, Issue 2, page no.372-379, May 2022, Available : https://rjpn.org/IJCSPUB/papers/IJCSP22B1150.pdf
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